V2EX angular diameter distance

Angular Diameter Distance

Definition 定义

角直径距离(角径距离):在天文学/宇宙学中,指把天体的真实大小与其在天空中的视角大小(角直径)联系起来的一种“距离”定义。常写作 \(D_A\),满足近似关系:\(\theta \approx \frac{L}{D_A}\)(\(\theta\) 为角直径,\(L\) 为真实线尺度)。

Pronunciation 发音

/jlr damtr dstns/

Examples 例句

The angular diameter distance tells us how large a galaxy appears in the sky.
角直径距离告诉我们一个星系在天空中看起来有多大。

Using the measured redshift and a cosmological model, we can compute the angular diameter distance to the galaxy cluster and infer its physical size from its observed angular extent.
利用测得的红移和一个宇宙学模型,我们可以计算到该星系团的角直径距离,并由其观测到的角尺度推断其真实大小。

Etymology 词源

该术语由三部分直译组合而成:angular(角的)+ diameter(直径)+ distance(距离)。它在近现代天文学与宇宙学的“距离度量(distance measures)”体中被系统化,用于把“观测到的角大小”转换为“物理尺度”,尤其常见于膨胀宇宙框架下的测距与标准尺(standard ruler)分析。

Related Words 相关词汇

Notable Works 文献与著作示例

  • David W. Hogg, “Distance measures in cosmology”(1999)系统讨论包括 angular diameter distance 在内的多种宇宙学距离定义。
  • Steven Weinberg, **Gravitation and Cosmology**(1972)在宇宙学观测量与距离关系的推导中使用相关概念与表述。
  • Barbara Ryden, **Introduction to Cosmology**(多版)教学性地讲解 \(D_A\) 与红移、宇宙学参数的关系。
  • John A. Peacock, **Cosmological Physics**(1999)在宇宙学测距与观测量章节中出现该术语与对应公式。
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